GARDENING.

Bernardi's System
_Upright swimming._--This is a new mode of swimming, introduced by Bernardi, a Neapolitan, and consists in adopting the accustomed motion of the limbs in walking. It gives great freedom to the hands and arms, affor...

Gardening
We read in the sacred records, that when man was created, he was placed in a "Garden,"--the Garden of Eden, to dress it and to keep it; and we may infer therefrom, first, that, the occupation of gardening was one p...

Laying Out The Ground
30 yds. +-----------------------------------------------------------------+ +--------------------+ ...

Manure
It is of no use whatever to think of getting things to grow without manure. This is the life and soul of all garden operations. Almost everything can be converted into manure. The grass from lawns, fallen leaves, w...

Gardening Tools
It is quite necessary that a young gardener should have proper tools. He should have a small but strong _spade_, a small but strong _rake_, a digging _fork_, a _hoe_, a _trowel_, a good _pruning-knife_, a _box_ for ...

Digging
The young gardener should practise digging, with a view to digging well. In beginning to dig a piece of ground, he should first clear it of all sticks, stalks, or stones, that might impede his labor. He should then ...

Weeding
Gardens will always produce a great deal more than is wished for, in the shape of various herbs, shrubs, and plants, called weeds; such as dandelions, couch-grass, cow-parsley, chick-weed, and many other plants, wh...

Planting And Sowing
Everything in a garden must be planted in some way or other, and there are many ways of planting and sowing. Sowing relates more particularly to seeds, and planting to the setting of plants that have been raised fr...

Hot-beds And Frames
Before we can sow many kinds of seeds in this country in the open ground, it is necessary to raise them first in a hot-bed, and for this reason,--many flowers common in our gardens are not natives of our cold an...

Open Crops
In the sowing of open crops, care should also be taken to sow at the proper time. Very early sowing is generally hazardous, but yet, if you would have your crops come in soon, a little risk must be run. When seed i...

Raking
When seeds are sown, the beds should be nicely raked. Some seeds, such as carrot and parsnip seeds, should be beaten down with the flat part of the spade, and laid very evenly and nicely. The edges of the little cr...

Hoeing
The hoe is of very great use, both to hoe up weeds and to form drills. We have spoken about its former use, and shall now say a word or two about the latter. In forming a drill for peas, beans, or other seed, one t...

Transplanting
There are a great many vegetables which require to be transplanted,--some from the hot-bed, and some from the open ground, where they have sprung from seeds, to their destination in the garden. All transplanting sh...

Watering
Boys generally fancy there is nothing like watering, and they are very pleased when they get the watering-pot in their hands. They always like to be watering,--no doubt thinking that the more the seeds and plants a...

On The Propagation Of Various Kinds Of Shrubs And Plants
Besides sowing seed and rearing plants from them by transplanting, there are many other ways of propagating plants, namely, by _off-sets_, _suckers_, _layers_, _divided-roots_, _cuttings_, and _pipings_. If tulips ...

Pruning
Little gardeners ought to know something of pruning trees. To cut or prune gooseberry and currant-trees is very simple. Gooseberry-trees should be cut differently from currant-trees. In gooseberry-trees, much of...

Grafting And Budding
Grafting is the transferring of a shoot of one tree into the stem of another, called the _stock_. Into this a slit is made; and then the scion or shoot is cut into the form of a tongue and inserted into it. The hea...

Shifting Of Crops
Crops must not be grown twice in rotation on the same ground. Peas and beans should be the crop after any of the roots, such as potatoes, carrots, and parsnips. Cabbages, and plants of that kind, may be sown and gr...